{"id":1592,"date":"2018-01-15T16:27:59","date_gmt":"2018-01-15T16:27:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.agust.net\/wordpress\/?p=1592"},"modified":"2024-10-21T08:20:45","modified_gmt":"2024-10-21T08:20:45","slug":"athuganir-a-brautum-gervihnatta-yfir-islandi-fyrir-halfri-old-og-njosnarinn-i-nordurmyrinni","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.agust.net\/wordpress\/2018\/01\/15\/athuganir-a-brautum-gervihnatta-yfir-islandi-fyrir-halfri-old-og-njosnarinn-i-nordurmyrinni\/","title":{"rendered":"Athuganir \u00e1 brautum gervihnatta yfir \u00cdslandi fyrir 60 \u00e1rum…"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n
\n

 <\/p>\n

\"orbits\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
\n
\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

A\u00f0dragandinn…<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00deessar athuganir h\u00f3fust \u00ed \u00e1g\u00fastm\u00e1nu\u00f0i 1964. A\u00f0dragandinn var s\u00e1 a\u00f0 eftir eldflaugaskot Frakka \u00e1 M\u00fdrdalssandi<\/a> fyrr um sumari\u00f0 voru\u00a0Dr. \u00deorsteinn S\u00e6mundsson\u00a0<\/strong>stj\u00f6rnufr\u00e6\u00f0ingur \u00e1 H\u00e1loftadeild Raunv\u00edsindastofnunar H\u00e1sk\u00f3lans og \u00a0Dr.\u00a0<\/strong>\u00c1g\u00fast Valfells<\/strong>\u00a0kjarnorkuverkfr\u00e6\u00f0ingur, sem var \u00fe\u00e1 forst\u00f6\u00f0uma\u00f0ur Almannavarna, \u00e1 lokafundi med Fr\u00f6nsku visindam\u00f6nnunum \u00e1samt \u00f6llum \u00edslenskum a\u00f0ilum sem h\u00f6f\u00f0u a\u00f0sto\u00f0a\u00f0\u00a0 Frakkana vi\u00f0 geimskotin, \u00feegar \u00deorsteinn minntist \u00e1 vi\u00f0 \u00c1g\u00fast a\u00f0 hann v\u00e6ri a\u00f0 leita a\u00f0 einhverjum \u00e1 \u00cdslandi til a\u00f0 fylgjast me\u00f0 brautum gervihnatta fr\u00e1 \u00cdslandi.\u00a0 \u00deannig var m\u00e1l me\u00f0 vexti a\u00f0\u00a0Desmond King-Hele<\/strong>\u00a0s\u00e1 um ranns\u00f3knir \u00e1 vegum\u00a0Royal Society\u00a0<\/strong>\u00ed Englandi \u00e1 \u00e1hrifum efstu laga lofthj\u00faps jar\u00f0ar \u00e1 brautir gervihnatta og f\u00e9kk \u00ed \u00fev\u00ed skyni nokkra sj\u00e1lfbo\u00f0ali\u00f0a til a\u00f0sto\u00f0ar um v\u00ed\u00f0a ver\u00f6ld. \u00c1g\u00fast minntist \u00e1 ungan mann\u00a0\u00a0Hj\u00e1lmar Sveinsson<\/strong>\u00a0sem haf\u00f0i starfa\u00f0 sem sumarma\u00f0ur hj\u00e1 honum og var me\u00f0 brennandi \u00e1huga \u00e1 eldflaugum og geimfer\u00f0um, og haf\u00f0i skrifa\u00f0 nokkrar bla\u00f0agreinar um \u00feau m\u00e1l.<\/p>\n

M\u00e1lin f\u00f3ru n\u00fa a\u00f0 sn\u00faast, og t\u00e6kjab\u00fana\u00f0ur, \u00fear \u00e1 me\u00f0al stuttbylgjuvi\u00f0t\u00e6ki, 7×50 handsj\u00f3nauki (heppilegur fyrir notkun \u00ed myrkri), tv\u00f6 mj\u00f6g n\u00e1kv\u00e6m stopp\u00far, Norton\u2018s Star Atlas stj\u00f6rnukortab\u00f3k, \u00e1samt mj\u00f6g n\u00e1kv\u00e6mum stj\u00f6rnukortab\u00f3kum, Atlas Coeli og Atlas Borealis \u00ed st\u00f3ru broti barst til Raunv\u00edsindastofnunar.\u00a0Dr. Ken Fea<\/strong>\u00a0kunningi \u00deorsteins kom vi\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00cdslandi \u00e1 lei\u00f0 sinni til Bandar\u00edkjanna og t\u00f3k Hj\u00e1lmar \u00ed kennslustund. \u00deeim t\u00f3kst a\u00f0 m\u00e6la braut eins gervihnattar og \u00e1 lei\u00f0 sinni fr\u00e1 Bandar\u00edkjunum kom\u00a0Ken<\/strong>\u00a0Fea<\/strong> aftur vi\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00cdslandi og nota\u00f0i \u00fe\u00e1 t\u00e6kif\u00e6ri\u00f0 til a\u00f0 a\u00f0sto\u00f0a Hj\u00e1lmar. Eftir \u00fea\u00f0 var gatan grei\u00f0 og Hj\u00e1lmar m\u00e6ldi fj\u00f6lda gervihnatta \u00fear til hann f\u00f3r til n\u00e1ms \u00ed verkfr\u00e6\u00f0i erlendis einu \u00e1ri s\u00ed\u00f0ar (1965), en \u00fe\u00e1 t\u00f3k \u00c1g\u00fast H Bjarnason<\/strong>\u00a0vi\u00f0 starfinu \u00fear til hann f\u00f3r til n\u00e1ms \u00ed verkfr\u00e6\u00f0i erlendis hausti\u00f0 1969. S\u00ed\u00f0la sumars 1970 kenndi Hj\u00e1lmar ungum manni fr\u00e1 Keflav\u00edk, en t\u00e6kjab\u00fana\u00f0inum var skila\u00f0 til Englands \u00e1ri\u00f0 1974. (\u00dev\u00ed mi\u00f0ur muna hvorki \u00deorsteinn, Hj\u00e1lmar n\u00e9 \u00c1g\u00fast nafni\u00f0 \u00e1 unga manninum og v\u00e6ru uppl\u00fdsingar vel \u00feegnar).<\/p>\n

Desmond Hing-Hele<\/strong>\u00a0var m.a. forma\u00f0ur nefndar \u00e1 vegum Royal Society \u00a0sem st\u00f3\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00feessum ranns\u00f3knum.\u00a0 Hann f\u00e6ddist \u00e1ri\u00f0 1927 og stunda\u00f0i m.a. n\u00e1m \u00ed e\u00f0lisfr\u00e6\u00f0i vi\u00f0 h\u00e1sk\u00f3lann \u00ed Cambridge. Hann hefur sami\u00f0\u00a0 nokkrar b\u00e6kur um fagsvi\u00f0 sitt:\u00a0A Tapestry of Orbits<\/em>,\u00a0Observing Earth Satellites<\/em>,\u00a0Satellites and Scientific Research<\/em>,\u00a0Theory of Satellite Orbits in an Atmosphere<\/em>.\u00a0 Einnig er hann h\u00f6fundur b\u00f3kanna\u00a0Shelley: His Thought and Work<\/em>,\u00a0Doctor of Revolution<\/em>\u00a0and\u00a0Erasmus Darwin: A Life of Unequalled Achievement<\/em>, svo og tveggja lj\u00f3\u00f0ab\u00f3ka.\u00a0 Hann starfa\u00f0i um \u00e1rabil hj\u00e1\u00a0Royal Aircraft Establishment<\/a>\u00a0\u00ed Farnborough vi\u00f0 ranns\u00f3knir \u00e1 \u00feyngdarsvi\u00f0i jar\u00f0ar og efstu l\u00f6gum lofthj\u00fapsins me\u00f0 ranns\u00f3knum \u00e1 brautum gervihnatta.\u00a0 Fyrir \u00fe\u00e6r ranns\u00f3knir hlaut hann\u00a0Eddington vi\u00f0urkenninguna<\/a>\u00a0fr\u00e1\u00a0Royal Astronomical Society<\/a>. Hann var valinn Fellow of the \u00a0Royal Astronomical Society<\/a>\u00a0\u00e1ri\u00f0 1966.\u00a0\u00a0 Vi\u00f0tal vi\u00f0 Desmond King-Hele er\u00a0h\u00e9r<\/strong><\/a>.<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Framkv\u00e6md athugana…<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00deessar athuganir h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi f\u00f3ru \u00feannig fram a\u00f0 um \u00fea\u00f0 bil einu sinni \u00ed m\u00e1nu\u00f0i kom \u00feykkt umslag fr\u00e1\u00a0Orbits Group, Radio and Space Research Station \u00ed Slough, Englandi<\/em>.\u00a0 \u00deetta var t\u00f6lvu\u00fatskrift \u00e1 t\u00f6fluformi me\u00f0 sp\u00e1m um ferla nokkurra gervihnatta.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00deegar hei\u00f0sk\u00edrt var og \u00fatlit fyrir a\u00f0 gervihnettir s\u00e6just voru \u00feessi g\u00f6gn tekin fram og \u00feau skimu\u00f0 \u00ed leit a\u00f0 gervihnetti sem f\u00e6ri yfir \u00cdsland \u00fea\u00f0 kv\u00f6ld. \u00a0Ef l\u00edklegur gervihn\u00f6ttur fannst \u00feurfti a\u00f0 framkv\u00e6ma nokkra \u00fatreikninga og teikna s\u00ed\u00f0an me\u00f0 bl\u00fdanti \u00e1\u00e6tla\u00f0a braut hans \u00ed Nortion\u2018s stj\u00f6rnuatlas.\u00a0 R\u00fdnt var \u00ed korti\u00f0 og fundnar stj\u00f6rnur \u00fear sem braut gervihnattarins f\u00e6ri n\u00e1l\u00e6gt.<\/span><\/p>\n

Um 10 m\u00edn\u00fatum \u00e1\u00f0ur en gervitungli\u00f0 myndi birtast for athugandinn \u00fat, kom s\u00e9r eins \u00fe\u00e6gilega fyrir og h\u00e6gt var, og kanna\u00f0i brautina sem \u00fatreiknu\u00f0 haf\u00f0i veri\u00f0 me\u00f0 sj\u00f3naukanum til a\u00f0 vera tilb\u00fainnn.\u00a0 \u00deegar gervitungli\u00f0 birtist i sj\u00f3naukanum var tunglinu fylgt \u00feanga\u00f0 \u00fear til a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 f\u00f3r \u00e1 milli e\u00f0a n\u00e1l\u00e6gt au\u00f0\u00feekkjanlegum stj\u00f6rnum, og stopp\u00fari\u00f0 sett i gang \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed augnabliki.\u00a0 S\u00ed\u00f0an var fari\u00f0 inn, og sta\u00f0setningin gervitunglsins \u00feegar stopp\u00fari\u00f0 var sett af sta\u00f0 \u00e1kve\u00f0in, yfirleitt \u00ed Atlas Borealis.\u00a0 \u00deegar sta\u00f0setning haf\u00f0i veri\u00f0 \u00e1kve\u00f0in var stopp\u00fari\u00f0 st\u00f6\u00f0va\u00f0 \u00e1 t\u00edmamerki fr\u00e1 WWV t\u00edmamerkjasendingu \u00e1 stuttbylgju.\u00a0 \u00de\u00e1 \u00feurfti einungis a\u00f0 draga gangt\u00edma stopp\u00farsins fr\u00e1 t\u00edmamerkingunni og var \u00fe\u00e1 sta\u00f0setningin og t\u00edminn sem h\u00fan var tekin \u00feekkt.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00deessum uppl\u00fdsingum var svo safna\u00f0 inn \u00ed\u00a0skj\u00f6l sem fylgdu me\u00f0 gervitungla sp\u00e1num fr\u00e1 Slough,\u00a0og\u00a0voru \u00feau send til baka til Englands \u00feegar nokkru magni m\u00e6linga haf\u00f0i veri\u00f0 safna\u00f0 saman.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00dea\u00f0 m\u00e1 geta \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00feessum t\u00edma var lj\u00f3smengun \u00e1 h\u00f6fu\u00f0borgarsv\u00e6\u00f0inu miklu minni en \u00ed dag. G\u00f6tul\u00fdsingu og fl\u00f3\u00f0l\u00fdsingu bygginga var stillt \u00ed h\u00f3f. \u00de\u00e1 m\u00e1tti sj\u00e1 tindrandi stj\u00f6rnur yfir Reykjav\u00edk og b\u00f6rnin l\u00e6r\u00f0u a\u00f0 \u00feekkja stj\u00f6rnumerkin. N\u00fa er \u00f6ldin \u00f6nnur og stj\u00f6rnurnar a\u00f0 mestu horfnar \u00ed mengunarsk\u00fd borgarlj\u00f3sanna.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Skondin atvik…<\/strong><\/p>\n

Geimranns\u00f3knir \u00ed Gar\u00f0ahrepp<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00deessi saga ger\u00f0ist \u00ed kjallara g\u00f6mlu Loftskeytast\u00f6\u00f0varinnar \u00e1 Melunum. \u00dear s\u00e1tu \u00feeir Hj\u00e1lmar, Ken Fea og \u00deorsteinn S\u00e6mundsson. Ken var a\u00f0 fara yfir a\u00f0fer\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0ina vi\u00f0 gervitunglaathuganir og var a\u00f0 teikna brautir hnattanna inn \u00e1 ey\u00f0ubl\u00f6\u00f0in sem vi\u00f0 notu\u00f0um. Umhverfis okkur voru kortab\u00e6kurnar, stuttbylgjuvi\u00f0t\u00e6ki, sj\u00f3naukar, o.fl. \u00de\u00e1 birtist fr\u00e9ttama\u00f0ur fr\u00e1 einu dagbla\u00f0anna (vi\u00f0 skulum sleppa \u00f6llum n\u00f6fnum svo enginn fari hj\u00e1 s\u00e9r) \u00a0sem kom til a\u00f0 taka vi\u00f0tal vi\u00f0 \u00deorstein um sov\u00e9skan gervihn\u00f6tt sem n\u00fdlega haf\u00f0i veri\u00f0 skoti\u00f0 \u00e1 loft.\u00a0 \u00deegar hann s\u00e1 okkur \u00e1samt \u00f6llum b\u00fana\u00f0inum umhverfis okkur spur\u00f0i hann hva\u00f0 vi\u00f0 v\u00e6rum a\u00f0 gera. Ken og \u00deorsteinn reyndu a\u00f0 \u00fatsk\u00fdra m\u00e1li\u00f0 fyrir fyrir honum, og me\u00f0al annars a\u00f0 Hj\u00e1lmar byggi \u00ed Gar\u00f0ahreppi (Gar\u00f0ab\u00e6 \u00ed dag) og \u00fear v\u00e6ri lj\u00f3smengun miklu minni en \u00ed Reykjav\u00edk sem ger\u00f0i athuganir miklu au\u00f0veldari.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00e6sta dag birtist risafyrirs\u00f6gn \u00ed dagbla\u00f0inu: \u201eGeimkapphlaupi\u00f0 n\u00e6r til \u00cdslands\u201c. \u00cd greininni var fjalla\u00f0 um hve fl\u00f3knar og merkilegar \u00feessar athuganir \u00e1 gervihn\u00f6ttum v\u00e6ru, og a\u00f0 b\u00fana\u00f0urinn sem til \u00feyrfti v\u00e6ri svo n\u00e6mur a\u00f0 jafnvel borgarlj\u00f3sin myndu trufla \u00feessar athuganir. \u00deetta \u00fe\u00f3tti \u00feeim f\u00e9l\u00f6gum meira en l\u00edti\u00f0 fyndi\u00f0<\/span>.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nj\u00f3snarinn \u00ed Nor\u00f0urm\u00fdrinni<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00deegar \u00feetta ger\u00f0ist var \u00c1g\u00fast unglingur \u00ed menntask\u00f3la. Hann haf\u00f0i reyndar haft allnokkurn \u00e1huga \u00e1 geimnum\u00a0 fr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed er hann s\u00e1 me\u00f0 eigin augum Sputnik-1, sem var fyrsti gervihn\u00f6tturinn, sveima yfir \u00cdslandi \u00e1ri\u00f0 1957 \u00feegar hann var 12 \u00e1ra. \u00dea\u00f0 var ekki l\u00f6ngu s\u00ed\u00f0ar sem hann st\u00f3\u00f0st ekki m\u00e1ti\u00f0 og sm\u00ed\u00f0a\u00f0i einfaldan stj\u00f6rnusj\u00f3nauka \u00far pappah\u00f3lk, gleraugnagleri og st\u00e6kkunargleri. \u00a0Me\u00f0 \u00feessum einfalda sj\u00f3nauka sem st\u00e6kka\u00f0i 50-falt m\u00e1tti sj\u00e1 g\u00edga tunglsins og tungl J\u00fapiters. S\u00ed\u00f0an voru li\u00f0in nokkur \u00e1r \u00e1r og enn var geim\u00e1huginn fyrir hendi. N\u00f3g um \u00fea\u00f0…<\/span><\/p>\n

Fimm \u00e1rum s\u00ed\u00f0ar: \u00dea\u00f0 haf\u00f0i vaki\u00f0 einhverja athygli \u00ed Nor\u00f0urm\u00fdrinni a\u00f0 um \u00fea\u00f0 bil einu sinni \u00ed m\u00e1nu\u00f0i bar p\u00f3sturinn\u00a0 \u00feykkt br\u00fant umslag \u00ed h\u00fasi\u00f0. Umslagi\u00f0 var me\u00f0 m\u00f6rgum \u00fatlendum fr\u00edmerkjum, og \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed st\u00f3\u00f0 me\u00f0 st\u00f3rum sv\u00f6rtum st\u00f6fum\u00a0On Her Majesty\u2018s Service<\/strong>.\u00a0 \u00deetta \u00fe\u00f3tti \u00ed meira lagi undarlegt, og ekki b\u00e6tti \u00far sk\u00e1k a\u00f0 \u00ed sama h\u00fasi bj\u00f3 lands\u00feekktur al\u00feingisma\u00f0ur. S\u00f6gur f\u00f3ru \u00e1 kreik. Einhver haf\u00f0i s\u00e9\u00f0 skuggalega \u00falpukl\u00e6dda mannveru liggja \u00ed s\u00f3lst\u00f3l \u00ed gar\u00f0inum og beina einhverju dularfullu t\u00e6ki sem hann h\u00e9lt me\u00f0 annarri hendi \u00a0til himins.\u00a0 \u00cd hinni h\u00e9lt hann \u00e1 einhverju silfurlitu\u00f0u. Stundum s\u00e1st skin fr\u00e1 litlu vasalj\u00f3si \u00feegar ma\u00f0urinn lauma\u00f0ist til a\u00f0 l\u00edta \u00e1 litinn minnismi\u00f0a. Skyndilega hlj\u00f3p ma\u00f0urinn inn. \u00deetta haf\u00f0i einhver s\u00e9\u00f0 oftar en einu sinni. Oftar en tvisvar.\u00a0 Hva\u00f0 var eiginlega \u00e1 sey\u00f0i? – Dularfullur p\u00f3stur, \u00ed \u00fej\u00f3nustu Hennar H\u00e1tignar, Royal Society, fr\u00e6gur vinstrisinna\u00f0ur stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1lama\u00f0ur, myrkraverk \u00ed gar\u00f0inum, undarleg hlj\u00f3\u00f0 \u00far stuttbylgjuvi\u00f0t\u00e6ki, morse…\u00a0 \u00deetta var or\u00f0i\u00f0 virkilega spennandi… \u00a0Det er gaske vist, det er en frygtelig historie!<\/em>\u00a0skrifa\u00f0i H.C. Andersen \u00ed fr\u00e6gu \u00e6vint\u00fdri. Ekki var \u00feetta neitt sk\u00e1rra.\u00a0\u00a0 Hva\u00f0 var a\u00f0 gerast \u00ed \u00feessu h\u00fasi?<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u00ed\u00f0an spur\u00f0ist sannleikurinn \u00fat: \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Iss – \u00feetta voru bara l\u00edtt spennandi athuganir \u00e1 brautum gervihnatta. Ekkert merkilegt. Dularfullu t\u00e6kin sem ma\u00f0urinn h\u00e9lt \u00e1 voru v\u00edst bara sj\u00f3nauki og st\u00f3rt stopp\u00far. Hann \u00fe\u00f3ttist vera a\u00f0 gl\u00e1pa \u00e1 gervihnetti. Dularfullu hlj\u00f3\u00f0in komu fr\u00e1 stuttbylgjuvi\u00f0t\u00e6kinu \u00feegar veri\u00f0 var a\u00f0 taka \u00e1 m\u00f3ti t\u00edmamerkjum; \u201e…this is WWV Boulder Colorado, when the tone returns the time will be exactly…\u201c heyr\u00f0ist anna\u00f0 slagi\u00f0, og \u00feess \u00e1 milli …tikk…tikk…tikk…tikk…\u00a0\u00a0 Reyndar var pilturinn l\u00edka rad\u00ed\u00f3amat\u00f6r og \u00fea\u00f0 \u00fatsk\u00fdr\u00f0i morsi\u00f0\u00a0 sem stundum heyr\u00f0ust fram \u00e1 rau\u00f0a n\u00f3tt, en \u00fe\u00e1 var hann a\u00f0 spjalla vi\u00f0 vini s\u00edna \u00fati \u00ed hinum st\u00f3ra heimi.\u00a0 \u00deetta var ekki mj\u00f6g spennandi, en m\u00f6rgum \u00e1rum s\u00ed\u00f0ar ger\u00f0ust mj\u00f6g dularfullir og \u00f3huggulegir atbur\u00f0ir \u00ed kjallara sama h\u00fass, atbur\u00f0ir sem voru festir \u00e1 filmu. – M\u00fdrin.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

\"Horft<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

Fylgst me\u00f0 brautum gervihnatta \u00ed kolni\u00f0amyrkri undir tindrandi stj\u00f6rnuhimni. Athugandinn er me\u00f0 \u00f6flugan handsj\u00f3nauka og stopp\u00far fyrir t\u00edmam\u00e6lingu.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0\"sputnik_1_800\"<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

Sputnik 1 gervihnettinum var skoti\u00f0 \u00e1 loft fr\u00e1 Baikonur \u00ed R\u00fasslandi 26. okt\u00f3ber 1957.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0\"08-12-echo1\"<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

Echo 2 gervihn\u00f6tturinn sem skoti\u00f0 var \u00e1 loft 24. jan\u00faar 1964 var 41m \u00ed \u00feverm\u00e1l og \u00fev\u00ed mj\u00f6g bjartur \u00e1 himninum.\u00a0 \u00deessi hn\u00f6ttur var \u00ed raun eins konar m\u00e1lmh\u00fa\u00f0a\u00f0ur loftbelgur sem sendur var \u00e1 braut umhverfis j\u00f6r\u00f0u og var nota\u00f0ur sem spegill til a\u00f0 endurvarpa \u00fatvarpsbylgjum aftur til jar\u00f0ar.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Desmond<\/a><\/p>\n

Desmond Hing-Hele st\u00e6r\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0ingur.\u00a0 Hlusta m\u00e1 \u00e1 vi\u00f0t\u00f6l vi\u00f0 hann\u00a0<\/strong>h\u00e9r<\/strong><\/a>.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0\"MPNIL26\"<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

Umsl\u00f6gin sem b\u00e1rust reglulega me\u00f0 t\u00f6lvureiknu\u00f0um sp\u00e1m um brautir nokkurra gervihnatta voru reyndar \u00f6llu st\u00e6rri en \u00feetta, e\u00f0a r\u00famlega A4.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0\"Observing<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00cd \u00feessari b\u00f3k er fjalla\u00f0 um m\u00e6lingar \u00e1 brautum gervihnatta, m.a. me\u00f0 handsj\u00f3nauka.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0\"Map-elevation\"<\/a>
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00cd b\u00f3kinn eru myndir af \u00fdmsum ey\u00f0ubl\u00f6\u00f0um sem notu\u00f0 voru til a\u00f0 sp\u00e1 fyrir um braut gervihnattarins \u00e1 stj\u00f6rnuhimninum fyrir ofan h\u00f6fu\u00f0borgarsv\u00e6\u00f0i\u00f0.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Nortons<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

S\u00ed\u00f0a \u00far Nortons kortab\u00f3kinni.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0\"Atlas_Coeli_3-large--B\"<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

S\u00ed\u00f0a \u00far Atlas Coeli kortab\u00f3kinni. \u00deessi stj\u00f6rnukort voru upphaflega handteiknu\u00f0 af framhaldsnemum vi\u00f0 stj\u00f6rnuathugunarst\u00f6\u00f0ina \u00a0Observat\u00f3rium Skalnat\u00e9 Pleso<\/em>\u00a0\u00ed Slovak\u00edu seint \u00e1 fimmta \u00e1ratug s\u00ed\u00f0ustu aldar. \u00deessi kort voru \u00e1litin \u00feau bestu f\u00e1anlegu um \u00fea\u00f0 leyti sem gervihnattaathuganirnar f\u00f3ru fram fr\u00e1 \u00cdslandi.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"16615590_1_l\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Atlas Coeli kortab\u00f3kin var \u00ed mj\u00f6g st\u00f3ru broti eins og s\u00fa st\u00e6rri sem er \u00e1 myndinni.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0\"image001\"<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00c1g\u00fast er h\u00e9r a\u00f0 stilla Eddystone\u00a0 stuttbylgjuvi\u00f0t\u00e6ki\u00f0 sem fylgdi verkefninu \u00e1 t\u00edmamerkja \u00fatsendingar WWV st\u00f6\u00f0varinnar sem var \u00ed Boulder Colorado \u00ed Bandar\u00edkjunum. St\u00f6\u00f0in sendi m.a. \u00fat \u00e1 15 MHz sem yfirleitt heyr\u00f0ist best h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi. \u00deetta voru \u00f6rstuttir p\u00falsar sendir me\u00f0 sek\u00fandu millibili, en lengri p\u00fals \u00e1 heilum m\u00edn\u00fatum. N\u00e1kv\u00e6m t\u00edmasetning athugana skipti sk\u00f6pum vi\u00f0 \u00feessar m\u00e6lingar og var \u00e1r\u00ed\u00f0andi a\u00f0 \u00e6fa sig vel.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0\"Braut-1\"<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u00cd b\u00f3k Desmond King-Hele er l\u00fdst hvernig athugandinn nota\u00f0i stj\u00f6rnur \u00e1 himninum til a\u00f0 sta\u00f0setja braut gervihnattarins sem veri\u00f0 var a\u00f0 m\u00e6la.\u00a0 \u00c1 \u00fev\u00ed augnabliki sem gervihn\u00f6tturinn skar l\u00ednu sem dregin var milli tveggja stjarna, sem fundnar h\u00f6f\u00f0u veri\u00f0 \u00e1 stj\u00f6rnukortinu og \u00e6tlunin var a\u00f0 hafa til vi\u00f0mi\u00f0unar, var n\u00e1kv\u00e6mt stopp\u00far r\u00e6st. Einnig m\u00e1tt mi\u00f0a vi\u00f0 eina stj\u00f6rnu ef gervihn\u00f6tturinn f\u00f3r mj\u00f6g n\u00e6rri henni.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u00e1kv\u00e6mni athugana…<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00d3hj\u00e1kv\u00e6milega vaknar spurningin, hve n\u00e1kv\u00e6mar voru \u00feessar athuganir, s\u00e9rstaklega \u00feegar haft er \u00ed huga a\u00f0 notast var vi\u00f0 einf\u00f6ld t\u00e6ki? Svari\u00f0 kemur \u00f6rugglega \u00e1 \u00f3vart. Samkv\u00e6mt King-Hele gat vanur athugandi n\u00e1\u00f0 1\/100 sek\u00fandna t\u00edman\u00e1kv\u00e6mni og um \u00bd\u00b0 sta\u00f0arn\u00e1kv\u00e6mni. Vi\u00f0 t\u00f6ldum okkur n\u00e1 me\u00f0 nokkurri vissu um 1\/10 sek\u00fandna t\u00edman\u00e1kv\u00e6mni, en til \u00feess \u00feurfti nokkra \u00fej\u00e1lfun.
\nTil fr\u00f3\u00f0leiks s\u00fdnir taflan h\u00e9r fyrir ne\u00f0an nokkrar a\u00f0fer\u00f0ir og t\u00e6kjab\u00fana\u00f0 sem nota\u00f0ur er vi\u00f0\u00a0 vi\u00f0 gervihnattaathuganir.<\/p>\n

\"Navspasur\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Samkv\u00e6mt \u00feessari t\u00f6flu eru sj\u00f3nr\u00e6nar athuganir me\u00f0 g\u00f3\u00f0um handsj\u00f3nauka mj\u00f6g n\u00e1kv\u00e6mar (200 metrar mi\u00f0a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 1000 km fjarl\u00e6g\u00f0, e\u00f0a 1:5000 e\u00f0a 0,02%), og \u00fea\u00f0 krefst \u00feess a\u00f0 nota\u00f0ur s\u00e9 d\u00fdr og fl\u00f3kinn t\u00e6kjab\u00fana\u00f0ur til a\u00f0 n\u00e1 betri \u00e1rangri. \u00cd sta\u00f0 11×80 handsj\u00f3nauka var nota\u00f0ur heldur minni sj\u00f3nauki, e\u00f0a 7×50, en \u00e1 m\u00f3ti kemur a\u00f0 gervihnettirnir sem fylgst var me\u00f0 voru ekki \u00ed meiri fjarl\u00e6g\u00f0 en 500 km.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

A\u00f0 lokum…<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pistill \u00feennan um einn \u00fe\u00e1tt geimranns\u00f3kna fr\u00e1 \u00edslandi fyrir h\u00e1lfri \u00f6ld t\u00f3ku \u00feeir Hj\u00e1lmar og \u00a0\u00c1g\u00fast saman \u00e1ri\u00f0 2015. B\u00e1\u00f0ir eru \u00feeir n\u00fa rafmagnsverkfr\u00e6\u00f0ingar, Hj\u00e1lmar \u00ed Bandar\u00edkjunum og \u00a0\u00c1g\u00fast \u00e1 \u00cdslandi.\u00a0 Minna m\u00e1 \u00e1 annan pistil sem fjallar um geimskot Frakka \u00e1 \u00cdslandi \u00e1rin 1964 og 1965 \u00fear sem b\u00e1\u00f0ir voru vi\u00f0staddir.\u00a0 Sj\u00e1 h\u00e9r:\u00a0\u00a0http:\/\/agbjarn.blog.is\/blog\/agbjarn\/entry\/477982\/<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u00c1 myndinn efst \u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0unni eru nokkrar skammstafanir:<\/p>\n

LEO = Lower Earth Orbit: Allt a\u00f0 2.000 km h\u00e6\u00f0.<\/p>\n

MEO = Medium Earth Orbit: 2.000 – 35.000 km h\u00e6\u00f0.<\/p>\n

GEO = Geostationary Earth Orbit: 35.786 km h\u00e6\u00f0.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"Stopwatch-2\"<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      A\u00f0dragandinn… \u00deessar athuganir h\u00f3fust \u00ed \u00e1g\u00fastm\u00e1nu\u00f0i 1964. A\u00f0dragandinn var s\u00e1 a\u00f0 eftir eldflaugaskot Frakka \u00e1 M\u00fdrdalssandi fyrr um sumari\u00f0 voru\u00a0Dr. \u00deorsteinn S\u00e6mundsson\u00a0stj\u00f6rnufr\u00e6\u00f0ingur \u00e1 H\u00e1loftadeild Raunv\u00edsindastofnunar H\u00e1sk\u00f3lans og \u00a0Dr.\u00a0\u00c1g\u00fast Valfells\u00a0kjarnorkuverkfr\u00e6\u00f0ingur, sem var \u00fe\u00e1 forst\u00f6\u00f0uma\u00f0ur Almannavarna, \u00e1 lokafundi med Fr\u00f6nsku visindam\u00f6nnunum \u00e1samt \u00f6llum \u00edslenskum a\u00f0ilum sem h\u00f6f\u00f0u a\u00f0sto\u00f0a\u00f0\u00a0 Frakkana vi\u00f0 geimskotin, \u00feegar \u00deorsteinn minntist…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1597,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[3,16,14,11],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.agust.net\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1592"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.agust.net\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.agust.net\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.agust.net\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.agust.net\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1592"}],"version-history":[{"count":14,"href":"http:\/\/www.agust.net\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1592\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4129,"href":"http:\/\/www.agust.net\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1592\/revisions\/4129"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.agust.net\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1597"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.agust.net\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1592"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.agust.net\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1592"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.agust.net\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1592"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}