{"id":1614,"date":"2018-01-10T22:03:31","date_gmt":"2018-01-10T22:03:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.agust.net\/wordpress\/?p=1614"},"modified":"2019-04-27T07:42:20","modified_gmt":"2019-04-27T07:42:20","slug":"ofgafullar-frettir-um-haekkun-sjavarbords-og-raunveruleikinn","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.agust.net\/wordpress\/2018\/01\/10\/ofgafullar-frettir-um-haekkun-sjavarbords-og-raunveruleikinn\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00d6fgafullar fr\u00e9ttir um h\u00e6kkun sj\u00e1varbor\u00f0s og raunveruleikinn…"},"content":{"rendered":"

Er sj\u00e1varbor\u00f0 a\u00f0 h\u00e6kka hra\u00f0ar og hra\u00f0ar og m\u00e1 reikna me\u00f0 a\u00f0 l\u00f6nd og borgir s\u00e9u a\u00f0 fara \u00e1 kaf?\u00a0 R\u00e1\u00f0amenn \u00e1 Maldive eyjum fara fram \u00e1 ska\u00f0ab\u00e6tur. Fr\u00e9ttamenn og almenningur s\u00fapa hveljur.\u00a0 \u00a0Hva\u00f0 er satt og r\u00e9tt \u00ed \u00feessum m\u00e1lum?\u00a0 \u00c1 ma\u00f0ur a\u00f0 tr\u00faa svona fr\u00e9ttum gagnr\u00fdnislaust?<\/em><\/span><\/h2>\n

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Mynd 1. H\u00f6fu\u00f0borg Maldive eyjaklasans heitir Mal\u00e9. R\u00e1\u00f0amenn \u00fear hafa fari\u00f0 fram \u00e1 ska\u00f0ab\u00e6tur vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00feeir telja a\u00f0 eyjarnar s\u00e9u a\u00f0 s\u00f6kkva \u00ed s\u00e6. Einhver g\u00e6ti tali\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00feessi mynd s\u00e9 f\u00f6lsu\u00f0, en svona er raunveruleikinn. Sm\u00e1 landsig vegna allra \u00feessara st\u00f3rbygginga \u00e6tti ekki a\u00f0 koma \u00e1 \u00f3vart.\u00a0 \u00a0Breytingar \u00e1 sj\u00e1varst\u00f6\u00f0u m\u00e1 sj\u00e1 \u00e1 mynd 5 ne\u00f0ar \u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0unni.<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n


\nMorgunbla\u00f0i\u00f0 skrifa\u00f0i 13. n\u00f3vember 2017:<\/strong>
\n\u201eOf seint a\u00f0 st\u00f6\u00f0va br\u00e1\u00f0nunina. Seg\u00adir AFP-fr\u00e9tta\u00adstof\u00adan suma v\u00eds\u00adinda\u00admenn t.a.m. telja yf\u00adir\u00adbor\u00f0 jar\u00f0ar hafa n\u00e1\u00f0 \u00feeim hita a\u00f0 ekk\u00adert geti st\u00f6\u00f0va\u00f0 \u00eds\u00adbrei\u00f0una \u00e1 \u00e1 vest\u00adur\u00adhluta Su\u00f0ur\u00adskauts\u00adins \u00ed a\u00f0 br\u00e1\u00f0na, en \u00fear er a\u00f0 finna n\u00f3g af frosnu vatni til a\u00f0 h\u00e6kka yf\u00adir\u00adbor\u00f0 sj\u00e1v\u00adar um 6-7 metra\u201c.
\n<\/em>
\nTil a\u00f0 komast a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed hva\u00f0 er satt og hverju er logi\u00f0 er einfaldast a\u00f0 sko\u00f0a sj\u00e1lfur frumg\u00f6gnin um breytingar \u00e1 sj\u00e1varst\u00f6\u00f0u. \u00cd \u00feessum pistli ver\u00f0a sko\u00f0u\u00f0 \u00ferenns konar m\u00e6lig\u00f6gn:\u00a0 M\u00e6lingar sem ger\u00f0ar hafa veri\u00f0 me\u00f0 hj\u00e1lp gervihnatta fr\u00e1 \u00e1rinu 1993, m\u00e6lingar sem ger\u00f0ar hafa me\u00f0 landf\u00f6stum m\u00e6lit\u00e6kjum v\u00ed\u00f0a um heim fr\u00e1 1870 og a\u00f0 lokum g\u00f6gn fr\u00e1 sj\u00e1varst\u00f6\u00f0um\u00e6li \u00e1 Maldive eyum.<\/p>\n

\u00c1\u00f0ur en fjalla\u00f0 er um \u00feessar m\u00e6lingar er r\u00e9tt a\u00f0 hafa f\u00e1ein or\u00f0 um t\u00e6knina sem liggur a\u00f0 baki \u00feessum m\u00e6lia\u00f0fer\u00f0um.<\/p>\n

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Mynd 2. D\u00e6miger\u00f0 fr\u00e9ttamynd sem s\u00fdnir st\u00f3rborg vera a\u00f0 s\u00f6kkva \u00ed s\u00e6. Hver er tilgagurinn me\u00f0 svona fr\u00e9ttaflutningi og \u00f6fgafullum myndum?<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n


\nM\u00e6lingar fr\u00e1 gervihn\u00f6ttum.<\/strong>
\n\u00cd 1336 k\u00edl\u00f3metra h\u00e6\u00f0 yfir j\u00f6r\u00f0 liggur braut gervihnatta sem senda radargeisla ni\u00f0ur \u00e1 yfirbor\u00f0 sj\u00e1var og m\u00e6la t\u00edmann sem \u00fea\u00f0 tekur geislann a\u00f0 fer\u00f0ast fram og til baka aftur, e\u00f0a samtals 2672 k\u00edl\u00f3metra lei\u00f0. Radargeislinn fer\u00f0ast me\u00f0 lj\u00f3shra\u00f0a sem er vel \u00feekktur, e\u00f0a um 300 millj\u00f3n metrar \u00e1 sek\u00fandu, svo a\u00f0 me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 m\u00e6la \u00feennan t\u00edma er h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 komast a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed hver h\u00e6\u00f0 gervihnattarins er yfir haffletinum, og hvernig h\u00e6\u00f0 yfirbor\u00f0s sj\u00e1var breytist me\u00f0 \u00e1runum sem l\u00ed\u00f0a. \u00deessi m\u00e6lia\u00f0fer\u00f0 er a\u00f0 sj\u00e1lfs\u00f6g\u00f0u ekki \u00e1n vandam\u00e1la. Breyting \u00e1 sj\u00e1varst\u00f6\u00f0u er gefin upp sem 3,4 millimetrar \u00e1 \u00e1ri, me\u00f0 \u00f3vissu sem nemur a\u00f0eins 0,4 millimetrum til e\u00f0a fr\u00e1.\u00a0 \u00cd flj\u00f3tu brag\u00f0i vir\u00f0ist \u00fea\u00f0 ekki miki\u00f0 vandam\u00e1l a\u00f0 m\u00e6la r\u00famlega 3 millimetra me\u00f0 \u00feessari n\u00e1kv\u00e6mni. G\u00f3\u00f0ur smi\u00f0ur fer l\u00e9tt me\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0. M\u00e1li\u00f0 l\u00edtur \u00fe\u00f3 \u00f6\u00f0ru v\u00edsi \u00fat \u00feegar haft er \u00ed huga a\u00f0 \u00ed raun er veri\u00f0 a\u00f0 m\u00e6la breytingar \u00e1 h\u00e6\u00f0 gervihnattarins yfir haffletinum, sem er 1.336.000 metrum, e\u00f0a 1.336.000.000 mill\u00edmetrum ne\u00f0ar, og \u00fea\u00f0 me\u00f0 n\u00e1kv\u00e6mni sem er innan vi\u00f0 h\u00e1lfan mill\u00edmetra. \u00deetta er n\u00e1nast sema vegalengd og hringvegurinn umhverfis \u00cdsland.\u00a0 Vi\u00f0 leyfum okkur samt a\u00f0 taka \u00feessi m\u00e6ligildi, h\u00e6kkun sj\u00e1var um 3,4 mm +\/- 0,4 mm \u00e1 \u00e1ri, tr\u00faanleg.<\/p>\n

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Mynd 3. M\u00e6lingar \u00e1 sj\u00e1varst\u00f6\u00f0u ger\u00f0ar fr\u00e1 gervihn\u00f6ttum. Ferillinn n\u00e6r fr\u00e1 1993 til j\u00fal\u00ed 2017, \u00fe.e. \u00feetta er samkv\u00e6mt n\u00fdjustu m\u00e6lig\u00f6gnum sem birt hafa veri\u00f0. Sk\u00fdringar \u00e1 flatneskjunni \u00ed enda ferilsins kunna a\u00f0 liggja \u00ed \u00e1hrifum fr\u00e1 \u00f3venju \u00f6flugu El-Nino haf-\/ve\u00f0urfyrirb\u00e6ri \u00ed Kyrrahafinu \u00e1ri\u00f0 2016, en erfitt er a\u00f0 sj\u00e1 a\u00f0 einhver aukning hafi veri\u00f0 \u00ed h\u00e6kkun sj\u00e1varst\u00f6\u00f0u undanfari\u00f0. Reyndar kunna \u00feessar sveiflur sem sj\u00e1 m\u00e1 \u00ed ferlinum a\u00f0 villa m\u00f6nnum s\u00fdn. T\u00edmabundi\u00f0 r\u00eds sj\u00e1varbor\u00f0 hra\u00f0ar en \u00f6nnur \u00e1r, en svo h\u00e6gir \u00e1 og me\u00f0alhra\u00f0inn \u00e1 h\u00e6kkuninni helst st\u00f6\u00f0ugur eins og punktal\u00ednurnar s\u00fdna. \u00c1 ne\u00f0ri hluta myndarinnar m\u00e1 sj\u00e1 hvernig hl\u00fdtt El-Nino (rau\u00f0gult) skiptist \u00e1 vi\u00f0 svalt La-Nina (bl\u00e1tt), og m\u00e1 sj\u00e1 merki \u00feess sem sveiflur \u00e1 efri ferlinum. \u00dea\u00f0 vekur athygli a\u00f0 engin aukning \u00e1 El-Nino er merkjanleg \u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0urstu \u00e1rum, \u00fevert \u00e1 fr\u00e9ttir \u00fear um.<\/span>
http:\/\/www.columbia.edu\/~mhs119\/SeaLevel\/<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/div>\n

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\nM\u00e6lingar me\u00f0 landf\u00f6stum m\u00e6lit\u00e6kjum.<\/strong>
\nM\u00e6lingar me\u00f0 landf\u00f6stum t\u00e6kjum hafa veri\u00f0 ger\u00f0ar v\u00ed\u00f0a um heim \u00ed vel yfir hundra\u00f0 \u00e1r. \u00deessar m\u00e6lingar voru upphaflega m\u00e6lingar \u00e1 sj\u00e1varf\u00f6llum, en hafa s\u00ed\u00f0ar veri\u00f0 nota\u00f0ar\u00a0 til a\u00f0 m\u00e6la langt\u00edmabreytingar \u00e1 sj\u00e1varst\u00f6\u00f0u. H\u00e9r er vandam\u00e1li\u00f0 annars e\u00f0lis en vi\u00f0 m\u00e6lingar me\u00f0 hj\u00e1lp gervihnatta, \u00fev\u00ed sums sta\u00f0ar er land a\u00f0 s\u00edga og annars sta\u00f0ar er \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 r\u00edsa. Til \u00feess \u00fearf a\u00f0 taka vi\u00f0 \u00farvinnslu m\u00e6ligagna, en me\u00f0 hj\u00e1lp GPS gervihnatta hefur veri\u00f0 h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 m\u00e6la \u00feetta landsig e\u00f0a landris.\u00a0 Me\u00f0altal m\u00e6ligagna fr\u00e1 nokkrum vel v\u00f6ldum st\u00f6\u00f0vum gefur til kynna h\u00e6kkun sem nemur um 1,7 mm \u00e1 \u00e1ri mi\u00f0a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 alla s\u00ed\u00f0ustu \u00f6ld, og eitthva\u00f0 meira s\u00ed\u00f0ustu \u00e1ratugina.
\nVi\u00f0 getum \u00fev\u00ed mi\u00f0a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 h\u00e6kkun sj\u00e1varbor\u00f0s um \u00feessar mundir s\u00e9 um \u00fea\u00f0 bil 2 til 3 millimetrar \u00e1 \u00e1ri, sem jafngildir um 20 til 30 sent\u00edmetrum \u00e1 \u00f6ld.<\/p>\n

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Mynd 4. M\u00e6lingar ger\u00f0ar me\u00f0 hef\u00f0bundnum landf\u00f6stum m\u00e6lit\u00e6kjum. T\u00edmabili\u00f0 er 1900 til desember 2017. H\u00e6kkunin nemur um 2 mm \u00e1 \u00e1ri sem jafngildir 20 cm \u00e1 \u00f6ld.<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n


\nHefur sj\u00e1varbor\u00f0 veri\u00f0 a\u00f0 h\u00e6kka \u00f3venju miki\u00f0?<\/strong>
\nN\u00fa er komi\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 meta hvort sj\u00e1varbor\u00f0 hafi veri\u00f0 a\u00f0 h\u00e6kka hra\u00f0ar og hra\u00f0ar \u00e1 undanf\u00f6rnum \u00e1rum, og hvort eitthva\u00f0 s\u00e9 sem bendi til \u00feess a\u00f0 hra\u00f0inn \u00e1 h\u00e6kkuninni s\u00e9 a\u00f0 aukast. Ef svo v\u00e6ri, \u00fe\u00e1 v\u00e6ri au\u00f0vita\u00f0 \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0a til a\u00f0 hafa \u00e1hyggjur.<\/p>\n

Vi\u00f0 s\u00e6kjum n\u00fdjustu m\u00e6lig\u00f6gnin fr\u00e1 gervihn\u00f6ttum. \u00a0\u00c1 vef Columbia h\u00e1sk\u00f3la eru \u00feessi m\u00e6lig\u00f6gn teiknu\u00f0 \u00e1samt ferli sem s\u00fdnir El-Nino \/ La-Nina fyrirb\u00e6ri\u00f0 \u00ed Kyrrahafinu fr\u00e1 \u00e1rinu 1993 til j\u00fal\u00ed 2017.\u00a0 Sj\u00e1 mynd 3.<\/p>\n

Lj\u00f3st er a\u00f0 samkv\u00e6mt m\u00e6lingum fr\u00e1 gervihn\u00f6ttum hefur ekki or\u00f0i\u00f0 nein breyting \u00e1 h\u00e6kkun sj\u00e1varbor\u00f0s \u00e1 undanf\u00f6rnum \u00e1rum. Vissulega vir\u00f0ist sem h\u00e6kkunin hafi st\u00f6\u00f0vast undanfarin tv\u00f6 \u00e1r, en \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0an er a\u00f0 \u00f6llum l\u00edkindum \u00e1hrif fr\u00e1 ve\u00f0urfyrirb\u00e6rinu El-Nino \u00a0\u00ed Kyrrahafinu sem var \u00ed h\u00e1marki \u00ed byrjun \u00e1rs 2016. Vi\u00f0 getum \u00fev\u00ed anda\u00f0 r\u00f3lega, \u00fev\u00ed \u00fea\u00f0 er ekkert \u00ed m\u00e6lingum sem bendir til \u00feess a\u00f0 sj\u00e1varbor\u00f0 muni h\u00e6kka hra\u00f0ar \u00e1 n\u00e6stu \u00e1rum en undanfarinn \u00e1ratug.<\/p>\n

En hva\u00f0 me\u00f0 Maldive eyjaklasann. Er hann a\u00f0 s\u00f6kkva \u00ed s\u00e6?\u00a0 Svo vill til a\u00f0 \u00ed h\u00f6fu\u00f0borginni Mal\u00e9 hefur sj\u00e1varbor\u00f0 veri\u00f0 m\u00e6lt og eru m\u00e6lig\u00f6gnin a\u00f0gengileg \u00e1 vefs\u00ed\u00f0u Permanent Service for Mean Sea Level (PSMSL) .\u00a0 \u00dear er einnig a\u00f0 finna m\u00e6lig\u00f6gn fr\u00e1 sj\u00e1varst\u00f6\u00f0um\u00e6linum \u00ed Reykjav\u00edk. Sj\u00e1 myndir 5 og 6.\u00a0\u00a0 Vi\u00f0 h\u00f6fum mestan \u00e1huga \u00e1 a\u00f0 sko\u00f0a hvort eitthva\u00f0 \u00f3venjulegt var\u00f0andi h\u00e6kkun sj\u00e1varbor\u00f0s undanfarin \u00e1r s\u00e9 a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a. Hva\u00f0 s\u00fdnist \u00fe\u00e9r lesandi g\u00f3\u00f0ur. Er \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0a til a\u00f0 hafa \u00e1hyggjur?<\/p>\n

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Mynd 5. Sj\u00e1varst\u00f6\u00f0um\u00e6lir fr\u00e1 Maldive eyjum.<\/strong> Heimild: http:\/\/www.psmsl.org\/data\/obtaining\/stations\/1707.php<\/a><\/span><\/p><\/div>\n

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Mynd 6. Sj\u00e1varst\u00f6\u00f0um\u00e6lir \u00ed Reykjav\u00edk<\/strong>. Heimild: http:\/\/www.psmsl.org\/data\/obtaining\/stations\/638.php<\/a><\/span><\/p><\/div>\n

Ni\u00f0ursta\u00f0a.<\/strong>
\nLj\u00f3st er a\u00f0 fr\u00e9ttir sem birst hafa \u00ed fj\u00f6lmi\u00f0lum um \u00f3venju \u00f6ra h\u00e6kkun sj\u00e1var eiga ekki vi\u00f0 r\u00f6k a\u00f0 sty\u00f0jast. Eins og oft \u00e1\u00f0ur apar hver fr\u00e9ttama\u00f0urinn eftir \u00f6\u00f0rum, og engum kemur til hugar a\u00f0 kanna sta\u00f0reyndir.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c1rni Magn\u00fasson handritasafnari skrifa\u00f0i eitt sinn er honum bl\u00f6skra\u00f0i:<\/h3>\n

\u201eSvo gengur \u00fea\u00f0 til \u00ed heiminum, a\u00f0 sumir hj\u00e1lpa erroribus \u00e1 g\u00e1ng, og a\u00f0rir leitast s\u00ed\u00f0an vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00fatry\u00f0ja aftur \u00feeim s\u00f6mu erroribus. Hafa svo hverir tveggja nokku\u00f0 a\u00f0 i\u00f0ja.\u201c<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

Eftirm\u00e1li.
\n<\/strong>Loftslag jar\u00f0ar er s\u00edfellt a\u00f0 breytast. \u00dea\u00f0 hefur veri\u00f0 a\u00f0 breytast \u00e1 undanf\u00f6rnum \u00e1ratugum, \u00f6ldum og \u00fe\u00fas\u00f6ldum. \u00dea\u00f0 var \u00e1l\u00edka hl\u00fdtt \u00e1 j\u00f6r\u00f0inni og \u00ed dag fyrir \u00fe\u00fasund \u00e1rum (Medieval warm period) og enn hl\u00fdrra fyrir tv\u00f6\u00fe\u00fasund \u00e1rum (Roman warm period) og t\u00f6luvert hl\u00fdrra fyrir \u00ferj\u00fa\u00fe\u00fasund \u00e1rum (Minoan warm period). Vafal\u00edti\u00f0 mun loftslag halda \u00e1fram a\u00f0 breytast \u00e1 komandi \u00f6ldum.<\/p>\n

Anna\u00f0 slagi\u00f0 koma fram menn sem sp\u00e1 n\u00e1nast heimsendi vegna athafna manna. Sp\u00e1\u00f0 er ofurhl\u00fdnun lofts og sj\u00e1var, \u00edslausum p\u00f3lsv\u00e6\u00f0um, algj\u00f6ru snj\u00f3leysi, aukningu fellibylja, o.s.frv.\u00a0 Vissulega hefur a\u00f0 me\u00f0altali hl\u00fdna\u00f0 um 0,8 gr\u00e1\u00f0ur s\u00ed\u00f0astli\u00f0in 150 \u00e1r, en \u00fe\u00e1 r\u00edkti reyndar kuldaskei\u00f0 sem vi\u00f0 k\u00f6llum Litlu \u00eds\u00f6ldina og st\u00f3\u00f0 yfir um nokkur hundru\u00f0 \u00e1ra skei\u00f0. L\u00edklega vildu f\u00e6stir \u00cdslendinga sn\u00faa aftur til \u00feess kuldat\u00edma me\u00f0 haf\u00eds og \u00f3\u00e1ran. Haf\u00edsinn er enn \u00e1 s\u00ednum sta\u00f0 \u00e1 nor\u00f0urhveli, \u00fe\u00f3 svo hann hafi minnka\u00f0 a\u00f0eins undanfarin \u00e1r, og snj\u00f3rinn er \u00fer\u00e1l\u00e1tur eins og vi\u00f0 \u00feekkjum \u00f6ll.<\/p>\n

Pr\u00f3fessor Ole Humlum heldur \u00fati einstaklega g\u00f3\u00f0ri vefs\u00ed\u00f0u www.climate4you.com<\/strong><\/a>.\u00a0 \u00dear birtast jafn\u00f3\u00f0um r\u00e9ttar uppl\u00fdsingar um loftslagsm\u00e1l; lofthita, sj\u00e1varhita, haf\u00eds, snj\u00f3\u00feekju, fellibylji, s\u00f3lvirkni, o.fl. \u00d6ll eru \u00feessi g\u00f6gn birt \u00e1 a\u00f0gengilegan h\u00e1tt \u00e1samt sk\u00fdringum og v\u00edsun til heimilda. M\u00e1na\u00f0arlega gefur Ole Humlum \u00fat \u00f3keypis fr\u00e9ttabla\u00f0 sem a\u00f0gengilegt er \u00e1 netinu.\u00a0 \u00deetta er hugsanlega besta uppl\u00fdsingas\u00ed\u00f0an um loftslagsm\u00e1l, enda oft vitna\u00f0 til hennar.<\/p>\n

Oft rugla menn saman ve\u00f0ri og loftslagsbreytingum. Breytingar \u00e1 ve\u00f0ri geta n\u00e1\u00f0 yfir nokkur \u00e1r og ve\u00f0urminni flestra er stutt. M\u00f6nnum h\u00e6ttir \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 blanda \u00feessu \u00f6llu saman. Vi\u00f0 getum teki\u00f0 sem d\u00e6mi hin svok\u00f6llu\u00f0u haf\u00eds\u00e1r e\u00f0a kal\u00e1r um 1970. \u00deau st\u00f3\u00f0u yfir \u00ed nokkur \u00e1r, n\u00e6gilega lengi til \u00feess a\u00f0 fj\u00f6lmargir v\u00edsindamenn voru farnir a\u00f0 sp\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 raunveruleg \u00eds\u00f6ld af \u00feeirri ger\u00f0 sem lauk fyrir um 10 \u00fe\u00fasund \u00e1rum v\u00e6ri a\u00f0 hefjast. \u00deetta reyndust ekki loftslagsbreytingar, sem betur fer.\u00a0 Svo f\u00f3r a\u00f0 hl\u00fdna aftur og \u00fe\u00e1 sn\u00e9ru hinir s\u00f6mu v\u00edsindamenn vi\u00f0 bla\u00f0inu og f\u00f3ru a\u00f0 sp\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 n\u00fa v\u00e6ri allt a\u00f0 fara \u00ed b\u00e1l og brand vegna ofurhl\u00fdnunar. Um s\u00ed\u00f0ustu aldam\u00f3t kom hik \u00e1 hl\u00fdnunina sem st\u00f3\u00f0 \u00ed h\u00e1lfan annan \u00e1ratug \u00fear til \u00f6flugt El-Nino kom til hj\u00e1lpar og hitinn rauk upp \u00e1 nokkrum m\u00e1nu\u00f0um. N\u00fa var enn einu sinni kominn t\u00edmi til a\u00f0 s\u00fapa hveljur…<\/p>\n

Hva\u00f0 er \u00feetta El-Nino sem veldur greinilega sveiflum \u00ed sj\u00e1varst\u00f6\u00f0unni sem gervihnettirnir m\u00e6la?<\/p>\n

\u00c1rin 1998 og 2015\/2016 voru mj\u00f6g \u00f6flug fyrirb\u00e6ri \u00ed Kyrrahafinu sem kallast El-Ni\u00f1o, e\u00f0a j\u00f3labarni\u00f0. Heitur sj\u00f3r losa\u00f0i \u00fe\u00e1 varma \u00ed lofthj\u00fapinn, hann hl\u00fdna\u00f0i verulega um nokkurra m\u00e1na\u00f0a skei\u00f0 en sj\u00f3rinn k\u00f3lna\u00f0i. Yfirleitt tekur vi\u00f0 fyrirb\u00e6ri sem kallast La-Ni\u00f1a \u00feegar kaldari sj\u00f3r k\u00e6lir lofti\u00f0. \u00c1hrifanna g\u00e6tti v\u00ed\u00f0a um heim og ve\u00f0r\u00e1ttan var v\u00ed\u00f0a mj\u00f6g \u00f3venjuleg. Lofthitinn n\u00e1\u00f0i s\u00ed\u00f0ast h\u00e1marki um \u00e1ram\u00f3tin 2015\/2016 en f\u00f3r s\u00ed\u00f0an hratt fallandi. N\u00fdlega hefur NOAA – National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration gefi\u00f0 \u00fat sp\u00e1 um a\u00f0 hi\u00f0 svala La Ni\u00f1a s\u00e9 a\u00f0 myndast og ver\u00f0i r\u00e1\u00f0andi n\u00fa \u00ed vetur. \u00dea\u00f0 mun v\u00e6ntanlega hafa \u00e1hrif \u00e1 ve\u00f0ri\u00f0 v\u00ed\u00f0a um heim, en \u00e1hrifin h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi ver\u00f0a, ef a\u00f0 l\u00edkum l\u00e6tur, \u00f3veruleg.<\/p>\n

\u00deetta er mj\u00f6g mikil einf\u00f6ldun \u00e1 fyrirb\u00e6runum El-Ni\u00f1o og La-Ni\u00f1a. Sj\u00e1 g\u00f3\u00f0ar sk\u00fdringar Trausta J\u00f3nssonar \u00e1 fyrirb\u00e6rinu \u00e1 V\u00edsindavefnum https:\/\/www.visindavefur.is\/svar.php?id=6580<\/a><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

\u201eEf \u00fe\u00fa getur m\u00e6lt \u00fea\u00f0 sem \u00fe\u00fa ert a\u00f0 fjalla um og sk\u00fdrt fr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed \u00ed t\u00f6lum,
\nhefur\u00f0u um \u00fea\u00f0 nokkra vitneskju…<\/em><\/span><\/h3>\n

En ef \u00fe\u00fa getur ekki slegi\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00fea\u00f0 m\u00e1li, ekki komi\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00fea\u00f0 t\u00f6lu,
\n<\/em>er \u00feekking \u00fe\u00edn \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed r\u00fdr og \u00f3fulln\u00e6gjandi.\u201c<\/em><\/h3>\n
\u2013 Kelvin l\u00e1var\u00f0ur<\/a> (1824-1907).<\/h6>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Er sj\u00e1varbor\u00f0 a\u00f0 h\u00e6kka hra\u00f0ar og hra\u00f0ar og m\u00e1 reikna me\u00f0 a\u00f0 l\u00f6nd og borgir s\u00e9u a\u00f0 fara \u00e1 kaf?\u00a0 R\u00e1\u00f0amenn \u00e1 Maldive eyjum fara fram \u00e1 ska\u00f0ab\u00e6tur. Fr\u00e9ttamenn og almenningur s\u00fapa hveljur.\u00a0 \u00a0Hva\u00f0 er satt og r\u00e9tt \u00ed \u00feessum m\u00e1lum?\u00a0 \u00c1 ma\u00f0ur a\u00f0 tr\u00faa svona fr\u00e9ttum gagnr\u00fdnislaust?     Morgunbla\u00f0i\u00f0 skrifa\u00f0i 13. n\u00f3vember 2017:…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1619,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[8],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.agust.net\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1614"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.agust.net\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.agust.net\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.agust.net\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.agust.net\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1614"}],"version-history":[{"count":23,"href":"http:\/\/www.agust.net\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1614\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2221,"href":"http:\/\/www.agust.net\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1614\/revisions\/2221"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.agust.net\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1619"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.agust.net\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1614"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.agust.net\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1614"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.agust.net\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1614"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}