{"id":3648,"date":"2022-06-05T16:29:06","date_gmt":"2022-06-05T16:29:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.agust.net\/wordpress\/?p=3648"},"modified":"2026-01-20T17:51:19","modified_gmt":"2026-01-20T17:51:19","slug":"nordurljosa-og-radioutbreidsluspa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.agust.net\/wordpress\/2022\/06\/05\/nordurljosa-og-radioutbreidsluspa\/","title":{"rendered":"Nor\u00f0urlj\u00f3sa- og radi\u00f3\u00fatbrei\u00f0slusp\u00e1"},"content":{"rendered":"

S\u00f3lin, j\u00f3nahvolfi\u00f0, nor\u00f0urlj\u00f3sin og \u00fatvarpsbylgjur<\/h1>\n

– \u00c1\u00f0ur en beintengdar myndir eru sko\u00f0a\u00f0ar <\/span>
\ngetur veri\u00f0 betra a\u00f0 smella \u00e1 [F5] takkann <\/span>
\ntil a\u00f0 vekja myndir sem g\u00e6tu hafa dotta\u00f0.<\/span><\/h3>\n

>>>Hoppa beint a\u00f0 beintengdum myndum ne\u00f0ar \u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0unni<<<<\/a><\/strong><\/h3>\n

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\u00a0 <\/span><\/em><\/strong>Upphaflega desember 2020<\/strong>.\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Breyting 23\/11\/2023<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

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\u00a0S\u00f3lin er breytileg stjarna (variable star). Virkni hennar gengur \u00ed bylgjum. Loturnar eru \u00e1ratuga, \u00e1rhundra\u00f0a og \u00e1r\u00fe\u00fasunda langar. J\u00f6r\u00f0in er \u00ed n\u00e1b\u00fdli vi\u00f0 \u00feessa dagstj\u00f6rnu.<\/span><\/strong><\/p><\/div>\n

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Inngangur
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\n\u00deessi vefs\u00ed\u00f0a er fyrst og fremst \u00e6tlu\u00f0 rad\u00ed\u00f3amat\u00f6rum, en gagnast einnig \u00feeim sem \u00e1huga hafa \u00e1 nor\u00f0urlj\u00f3sum.\u00a0 L\u00edta ver\u00f0ur \u00e1 \u00feessa vefs\u00ed\u00f0u sem eins konar verkf\u00e6rat\u00f6sku \u00e1hugamannsins. \u00deetta er \u00fev\u00ed ekki neinn v\u00edsindavefur.<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

S\u00f3lin er svok\u00f6llu\u00f0 breytistjarna sem j\u00f6r\u00f0in er \u00ed n\u00e1b\u00fdli vi\u00f0. Fr\u00e1 henni streymir breytilegur s\u00f3lvindurinn sem veldur fallegum nor\u00f0urlj\u00f3sum, hefur \u00e1hrif \u00e1 \u00fatbrei\u00f0slu rad\u00ed\u00f3bylgna sem endurkastast fr\u00e1 j\u00f3nahvolfinu, og g\u00e6ti \u00e1tt \u00fe\u00e1tt \u00ed \u00feekktum hitasveiflum undanfarinna alda og \u00e1r\u00fe\u00fasunda. \u00d6flug s\u00f3lgos hafa valdi\u00f0 skemmdum \u00e1 rafb\u00fana\u00f0i.<\/p>\n

H\u00e9r fyrir ne\u00f0an er safn mynda og m\u00e6liferla sem komi\u00f0 geta a\u00f0 notum vi\u00f0 nor\u00f0urlj\u00f3sasko\u00f0un e\u00f0a sp\u00e1 fyrir um \u00fatbrei\u00f0slu rad\u00ed\u00f3bylgna \u00e1 stuttbylgju, svok\u00f6llu\u00f0 rad\u00ed\u00f3skilyr\u00f0i.<\/p>\n

Sumar myndanna, s\u00e9rstaklega \u00fe\u00e6r sem eru uppf\u00e6r\u00f0ar reglulega hj\u00e1 vi\u00f0komandi stofnun, eru beintengdar og \u00e6ttu a\u00f0 endurn\u00fdjast sj\u00e1lfkrafa \u00feannig a\u00f0 uppl\u00fdsingar eiga a\u00f0 vera r\u00e9ttar.<\/p>\n

Kr\u00e6kjur e\u00f0a vefsl\u00f3\u00f0ir \u00e1 veraldarvefnum eru s\u00edfellt a\u00f0 breytast e\u00f0a rofna. Stundum er h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 lagf\u00e6ra \u00fea\u00f0, en oft er eins og j\u00f6r\u00f0in hafi gleypt mynd e\u00f0a vefs\u00ed\u00f0u sem v\u00edsa\u00f0 er \u00e1. D\u00e1l\u00edti\u00f0 umstang fygdi \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 halda g\u00f6mlu vefs\u00ed\u00f0unni vi\u00f0, en \u00fea\u00f0 gengur vonandi betur h\u00e9r.<\/p>\n

\u00deessari s\u00ed\u00f0u er skipt \u00ed nokkra kafla:<\/p>\n

– Inngangur
\n– S\u00f3lsveiflan<\/strong>
\n– Nor\u00f0urlj\u00f3sin<\/strong>
\n– \u00datbrei\u00f0sla rad\u00ed\u00f3bylgna<\/strong>
\n– Skemmdir \u00e1 j\u00f6r\u00f0u ni\u00f0ri<\/strong>
\n– Sp\u00e1r um virkni s\u00f3lar<\/strong>
\n– \u00ddmsir beintengdir <\/span>ferlar og myndir\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/strong>(\u00e1hugaver\u00f0ast)<\/span>
\n– \u00ddmislegt \u00edtarefni \u00ed belg og bi\u00f0u<\/strong><\/p>\n

A\u00f0eins er um \u00f6rstutta kynningu a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a \u00ed fyrstu k\u00f6flunum, en \u00e1hugaver\u00f0asti kaflinn fyrir rad\u00ed\u00f3amat\u00f6ra og nor\u00f0urlj\u00f3sasko\u00f0ara er ne\u00f0arlega:\u00a0 “\u00ddmsir beintengdir <\/span>ferlar og myndir”.\u00a0 <\/strong>\u00a0\u00dear er h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 sj\u00e1 n\u00fdjustu myndir af s\u00f3linni,\u00a0 n\u00e1nast beina tengingu vi\u00f0 segulm\u00e6la, n\u00fdjustu uppl\u00fdsingar um \u00fatbrei\u00f0slu rad\u00ed\u00f3bylgna \u00e1 stuttbylgju, o.m.fl.<\/p>\n

Kaflinn sem er allra ne\u00f0st er me\u00f0 tilv\u00edsanir \u00ed skyld efni.\u00a0 Sumt kemur meginefninu a\u00f0eins \u00f3beint vi\u00f0.\u00a0 “\u00ddmislegt \u00edtarefni \u00ed belg og bi\u00f0u”.<\/strong><\/p>\n

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S\u00f3lin n\u00fana\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n

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S\u00f3lin \u00ed dag. Beintengd mynd<\/span>. Smella h\u00e9r til a\u00f0 sj\u00e1 mynd \u00ed fullri st\u00e6r\u00f0: https:\/\/sohowww.nascom.nasa.gov\/data\/realtime\/hmi_igr\/1024\/lateshtml<\/a><\/p>\n

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S\u00f3lsveiflan<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

Skin s\u00f3larinnar hefur aldrei veri\u00f0 st\u00f6\u00f0ugt, \u00fev\u00ed s\u00f3lin er breytistjarna (variable star). \u00deekktar sveiflur eru a.m.k. fimm me\u00f0 mismunandi lotut\u00edma:
\n1) 11 \u00e1ra Schwabe,
\n2) 22 \u00e1ra Hale,
\n3) 90 \u00e1ra Gleissberg,
\n4) 200 \u00e1ra Suess,
\n5) 2300 \u00e1ra Hallstatt.
\n\u00dear sem \u00feetta eru nokku\u00f0 reglulegar sveiflur \u00e6tti a\u00f0 vera h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 nota \u00fe\u00e6r til a\u00f0 sp\u00e1 fyrir um virkni s\u00f3larinnar \u00ed framt\u00ed\u00f0inni. \u00dea\u00f0 hefur samt vafist nokku\u00f0 fyrir m\u00f6nnum. \u00de\u00f3 svo a\u00f0 stysta sveiflan s\u00e9 oft nefnd 11-\u00e1ra sveiflan er h\u00fan \u00ed reynd 9,5-13 \u00e1r. Svipa\u00f0ur breytileiki er \u00e1 \u00f6\u00f0rum sveiflum \u00feannig a\u00f0 erfitt er a\u00f0 sp\u00e1 n\u00e1kv\u00e6mlega. Sm\u00e1m sman er \u00fe\u00f3 skilningur manna \u00e1 e\u00f0li s\u00f3larinnar a\u00f0 aukast og er st\u00f6\u00f0ugt fylgst me\u00f0 breytingum \u00ed\u00a0 henni m.a. me\u00f0 hj\u00e1lp gervihnatta.<\/p>\n

Breytingar \u00ed heidar\u00fatgeislun s\u00f3lar yfir eina s\u00f3lsveiflu eru tilt\u00f6lulega litlar (~ 0,1%), en breytingar \u00e1 \u00fatfj\u00f3lubl\u00e1a svi\u00f0inu eru verulegar (~ 1000%) eins og s\u00e9st \u00e1 myndinni:<\/p>\n

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S\u00f3lin er breytistjarna eins og s\u00e9st \u00e1 myndinni h\u00e9r fyrir ofan sem tekin er \u00e1rlega yfir heila s\u00f3lsveiflu. Myndin er tekin \u00ed \u00fatfj\u00f3lubl\u00e1u lj\u00f3si, og s\u00e9st vel hve \u00e1s\u00fdnd s\u00f3lar breytist gr\u00ed\u00f0arlega \u00e1 f\u00e1um \u00e1rum. \u00cd s\u00fdnilegu lj\u00f3si er munurinn miklu minni<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n

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Fylgst hefur veri\u00f0 me\u00f0 s\u00f3lblettunum s\u00ed\u00f0an Galileo beindi sj\u00f3nauka s\u00ednum til himins \u00e1ri\u00f0 1609. Reglulegar athuganir h\u00f3fust um 1750. S\u00f3lsveifla #24 er lengst til h\u00e6gri.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p><\/div>\n

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S\u00f3lvirknin \u00ed 1.000 \u00e1r samkv\u00e6mt geislakolsm\u00e6lingum.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><\/div>\n

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S\u00f3lvirknin \u00ed 11.000 \u00e1r. Sj\u00e1 h\u00e9r<\/a>.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><\/div>\n

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Nor\u00f0urlj\u00f3sin<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n